Neural networks (NNs) are an abstraction of natural processes, more specifically of the functioning of biological neurons. Since early 1990s, they have been combined into a general and unified computational model of adaptive systems to utilize their learning power and adaptive capabilities. The two forms, learning and ability to adjust to new incoming patterns, create adaptation to a dynamic environment much more effective and efficient. Combined with evolutionary algorithms (EAs) they can be regarded as a general framework for adaptive systems i.e., systems that excel in changing their architectures and learning rules adaptively without human intervention.